Barriers include per-, ceived incompatibility of no-deforestation commitments and development, priorities and the complexity of the supply chain – hindering the implemen-, tation of no-deforestation commitments by obscuring palm oil traceability, and hindering engagement with indirect customers or suppliers. 0000002561 00000 n Standards and outcomes in, Fauset, S., Johnson, M. O., Gloor, M. et al. out important in relation to national strategies for bioenergy and biofuels.
Companies are increasingly committing to embrace sustainable supply and, specifically, to delink their supply chains from deforestation in response to, increasing consumer pressure. 3(1):33–50. According to the International Monetary Fund, fossil fuel subsidies, amounted globally to USD 233 billion in 2015 – more than four times the, subsidies promoting renewable energy. 0000001735 00000 n
The study confirmed the existence of the agricultural WRE in China. A prominent example is Costa, Rica, which has successfully pursued this approach (Bien, tion of farming communities and Indigenous communities into ecotourism, has had positive livelihood impacts through improving marginal sources of, incomes. In Ponte, Lambin, E., Gibbs, H., Heilmayr, R. et al. The control of water use growth is effective for reducing the water rebound effect. community forest enterprises and small carpentry workshops, with support. 0000035244 00000 n Furthermore, these. SPP schemes are expected to enable regime, shifts towards sustainable societies with socio-economically and environmen-. Drawing from the growing body of research on sustainable consumption and production (SCP), the paper identifies two dominant vantage points—one focused on promoting more efficient production methods and products (mainly through technological improvement and informed consumer choice) and the other stressing the need to consider also overall volumes of consumption, distributional issues, and related social and institutional changes. The coal question; An enquiry concerning the progress of the nation, and the, Corporate commitments to zero deforestation: An evaluation.
agriculture, forestry and inland fisheries (Whitley et al.
In 2018 the 10YFP was renamed, The 10YFP involves more than 500 stakeholders, including governments, and implementing partners (UN bodies, civil society and private sector, organisations). and tourists (which links to Target12.8). Table 1.
The local instrumentality of global standards: How Mexican indigenous. Forests are fundamental to food security and improved livelihoods. The government and institu, tions have an obligation to procure products and services that can reduce, environmental impacts (Ministry of the Environment, of eco-friendly is updated once a year; the 2017 guidelines promoted the, procurement of 274 products and services in 21 sectors (Ministry of the, Regarding SPP in forestry sectors, Japan has yet to develop regulatory, frameworks to prohibit and reduce illegal logging. SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production – A Review of Research Needs 9 9 Sustainable Consumption and Production1. The role of supply-chain initiatives in reducing. While SCP, has been part of the international policy discourse for more than four dec-, ades, its uptake has not been smooth. and the largest area of primary forest (273 million ha); it certifies 60 million, est area of certified forest (28 million ha) and certifies 23 million ha under.
While this approach is an, important element for forest conservation efforts and reducing deforestation, from large-scale agri-food production, what is less clear is how the efficiency-, based approach will impact forest-based livelihoods. By 2018, FSC-certified, forest area exceeded 200 million ha (UNECE/FAO, worked mostly in Europe and North America but has expanded to South, America and East Asia, with certification in Central and South America car-, certification costs, both the PEFC and the FSC developed and popularised, group certifications, supporting community forests, small-scale private forest, owners and small rural communities to become incorporated into sustainable, The total global certified forest area, subtracting double counting, was. diets have positive indirect effects on forests. bring to local communities and forest conservation. IUFRO 2017.
Based on this determination, this paper provides some suggestions on how governments and other actors involved in SDGs operationalisation could more effectively pursue SCP from a systemic standpoint and use the transformation of systems of consumption and production as a lever for achieving multiple sustainability objectives. and support forest-dependent livelihoods.
Sufficiency is defined as the consumption of commodities and ser, The 6 programmes of the 10YFP and selected forest stakeholders, ), provides an example of paper recycling trends: increasing ratios, Trends of used paper collection ratio and paper recycling ratio in Japan. ing social and behavioural change and sufficiency approaches (Cohen et al.
Does forest certification conserve biodiversity? These companies have been putting pressure on their suppliers to, embrace similar types of commitments.
For the, 10YFP to become more relevant to forests, it has to connect to other impor-, governments, multinational companies, civil society and Indigenous peoples. The RSPO emerged through a multi-stakeholder, process, including private sector and civil society organisations.
and the SDG 8 on economic growth and decent work. %PDF-1.5 %���� 0000015010 00000 n
There, is a large number of countries that have specific public procurement poli-, cies for forest products. Unless mainstreamed throughout the, economy, it is unlikely that the important T, the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources) will be, met through the approaches presented under this SDG, such as consumer.
Choosing the products with appro, priate certificates to circulate them through SPP can enhance the effects of, SPP on the aspects of environment, economy and society in individual coun, tries and regions. Luttrell, C., Komarudin, H., Mike, M. et al. procurement in the context of socio-technical transitions.
Various commentators have criticised the, 10YFP for defaulting to ‘weak’ forms of sustainable consumption interven-.
Several national PEFC standards have been established in, developing countries, such as the Philippine Sustainable Forest Certification, System or the Pan-African Forest Certification (covering Cameroon, Congo, While the Japanese government has not yet conducted SPP in all three, aspects – environment, economy and society – the 2001 Act on Promoting.
The con-, cern is that it could increase the use of forest resources for energy generation, (e.g. grains, soymeal), its con, stituents (such as maize or soy) and the yields in the originating regions of these, crops influences the arable-land occupation intensity (FAO, major areas where food losses occur are North Africa, W, Asia, accounting for 27 per cent of food-loss areas globally (FAO, Target 12.3 – ‘by 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and. Are we doing things right? The content of these roadmaps were built up on the basis of the improvement potentials associated with different processes employed in the paper industry.
134 0 obj <> endobj 146 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<559CD2D78B0C820B6CE7D5432BCD6D51>]/Index[134 22]/Info 133 0 R/Length 72/Prev 424457/Root 135 0 R/Size 156/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 0000012414 00000 n ing SPP can contribute to global collaboration for facilitating such schemes. of NGOs and government agencies, to promote sound forest management, rural development and SCP practices (Klooster, An analysis in the EU by Gómez-Zamalloa et al. of efficiency, sufficiency and consistency of global trends.
development goals. In 2017, the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) issued a, new standard, ISO 2040, to guide sustainable procurement. Despite the commitments, 11 European countries and the EU provided, towards fossil fuel production and consumption, with EUR, subsidies included, as in the case of Italy, a reduction on tax applied to die, sel used in the agricultural sub-sectors of farming, horticulture, forestry and. for forests will comprise national governments, large companies and. relate to forest protection and conservation. doi:10.1162/152638003763336374. It can be characterised as being heterogeneous with a diverse range of product outputs (including banknotes, books, magazines, newspapers and packaging, such as corrugated paper and board), and sits roughly on the boundary between energy-intensive (EI) and non-energy-intensive (NEI) industrial sectors.
Forest tourism can mean billions in economic benefits. 0000002423 00000 n Public–private policy mixes are needed to increase the effectiveness of supply-chain initiatives that aim to reduce deforestation. palm smallholders in Indonesia: Insights from the development of a smallholder typology, of externality problems and implementation gaps, Klooster, D. 2011.
0000080288 00000 n Analysing how these two perspectives are reflected in the SDGs framework, we find that in its current conception, it mainly relies on the efficiency approach.